For the last half a year or so I found it very difficult to pray, for many reasons. Today it occurred to me that one of the reasons is my doubts over how to address god, as a 'he' or a 'she'.
Perhaps to some this seems a trivial matter. But for me it has become a defining matter. Ultimately, the way we perceive god bears upon our belief systems and our behavior.
The majority of orthodox Christianity retains a patriarchical view of the world. God is addressed as 'Father', 'Lord', and 'He'. However, I cannot but regard all these masculine addresses as a - perhaps weak - representation of own patriarchical thinking. Why would god have a sex anyway? According to the Biblical narrative god doesn't need a sexual counterpart to create. Moreover, some scarce examples in the Bible describe god in a maternal fashion. I therefore conclude that God has no sex and our overwhelmingly masculine addresses are not correct.
Yet, there is another side of me that longs for a god as a father, a masculine type. When I used to pray I would imagine god as a fatherly figure, more than a motherly. It probably has much to do with the way our societies are arranged, where fathers are all too often head of the family - the ones who should be responsible for many (extra-household and long-term) affairs. Where my doubts often lie in things like career or my place in the world, I like to address the masculine god.
When praying, having come to the conclusion that God is not a man, I felt I was constantly making a mistake by addressing god as Lord or Father. I tried to avoid the matter by using words like 'Creator' or 'God'. However, I also perceived my feelings of intimacy all but disappeared. Coupled with negative experiences of Christian conservative views of sex (and the role of sexes) I finally stopped praying.
Having lived in China for almost half a year. Not too regularly visiting Church, I still feel like I am in need of a god who gives meaning to life beyond science, occasional charity and our daily saving and spending. Having rejected the possibility of a masculine god, while being a major step, I do not pretend to better know god. The easy way out would be to reject the 'god-hypothesis'. Though I do mind posing god as an hypothesis (and I am open to the idea that there is no god) I found little reason or perhaps willingness to reject it. But neither would I confirm many of the mainstream assumptions about God and their conclusions (e.g. on sexuality and the role of different sexes). Having an unclear picture of the universe and its presumed god, makes one - who still classifies himself as a christian - quite lonely. So recently I have taken up praying again, sometimes quite shamelessly calling god as Father, assuming that however I address god, it is - or should be - of no consequence.
So at times I will call god 'Father' or 'Lord', but that does not legitimize support or acknowledgement of some patriarchical order. I wholeheartedly object to the assumed leadership of men in church, family, or society. I do not see the moral superiority of masculine dominance, in the same way as I do not see the superiority of feminine dominance. Sexual straight jackets are invariably sexist. In my opinion, this holds true for sexual orientation as well. True, perhaps more women prefer to work as a housewife, but does that make the successful business women an abomination? So why is female church leadership still such a controversy?
While I might address god as a father, just because of my limited imagination and my limited capacity to feel intimacy - I fervently reject the sexist straight jacket.
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3 Comments:
Thanks for your openness, Sander. It's good to hear what you're thinking and feeling these days. I can relate to some of the feelings you express in your post -- and I agree wholeheartedly that God expresses a perfect sense of femininity as well as masculinity, as described in the Bible.
I think the assignment of a pronoun to God is actually less of an issue of sexual dominance -- and more an issue of personal relatability. As someone who's tried my hand at writing a good bit, I've learned that it's incredibly difficult to create some kind of androgynous character (though it would sometimes seem nice to be able to do this, so the reader could more easily identify with the narrator, for instance, regardless of his or her sex). It's just hard to relate to an "It" or a "He/She" as a person. Thus, assigning God a gender (as imperfect as that may be) helps us to relate to Him better.
Anway, those are just a couple of random thoughts I had as I was reading your post. Like I said, it's just good to hear what you're up to these days. We miss you here in Amsterdam.
Dear Eric,
Thanks for your comment. I agree with you that God's sex does not necessarily translate into a certain human social organization. However, a greater part of the Church assumes man is the image of God. In the Genesis account the woman was only created later, as a 'helper'. I do not agree with this interpretation, but it is one that is quite mainstream. It suggests that God is masculine and therefore men are a better resembling image of God than women. We see this interpretation working out the submission of women. I am sure you know the quotes, but let me give you an example:(1 Tim. 2:12-15) "I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor. Yet she will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith and love and holiness, with self-control."
So how about the one woman who happens to be very good at teaching. Or the woman who will not bare a child, is she lost?
Best! S.
To start off, I would like to say that I think that woman bears just as much of God's image as man. However, men and women do have different roles in the family. Woman was clearly created to be man's helper, not all women to all men, but one man and one woman through marriage. This is clearly seen throughout the Bible, including the passage you quoted from Timothy.
We know for a fact that Christ was male, and his bride the Church is (at least in a sense) female. All Christian's are to be a helper to Christ, as a wife is supposed to be the helper to a husband.
From ephisians 5
22Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord.
23For the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church: and he is the saviour of the body.
24Therefore as the church is subject unto Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in every thing.
25Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it;
26That he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word,
27That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.
28So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself.
29For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church:
30For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones.
31For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall be joined unto his wife, and they two shall be one flesh.
32This is a great mystery: but I speak concerning Christ and the church.
33Nevertheless let every one of you in particular so love his wife even as himself; and the wife see that she reverence her husband.
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